The influence of agrotechniques on productivity of the seed potatoes of different ripening groups under conditions of central region in The Non-black soil area of Russia

Chekhalkova Larisa Konstantinovna

Federal state budgetary scientific institution «Smolensk state agricultural experimental station named after A.N. Engelhardt», Stodolishche, Russia

Abstract:

The article presents information on the influence of spacing and the periods of the removal of vegetable tops on the productivity of seed potatoes. We studied the early ripening variety Zhukovskiy ranniy and the medium-ripened variety Javar. The aim of the research is to determine the spacing and the periods of the removal of vegetable tops, at which the highest yield of seed tubers. Research was done from 2009 to 2011 in breeding crop rotation of the Smolensk State Agricultural Experimental Station named after A.N. Engelhardt. Soil sod-podzolic light loamy. Fertility is typical for the Smolensk region. The experimental setup consisted of 2 factors. 1. The scheme of planting: 70x25 cm and 70x35 cm. 2. The periods of the removal of vegetable tops: 7, 14 and 21 days from the beginning of the mass bloom phase. Monitoring of strucking potato by viruses, yield and output per 1 ha of seed tubers. Methods of research and agrotechnics are widespread. The highest productivity by Zhukovskiy ranniy variety was noted in the scheme of planting 70h25 cm and the periods of the removal of vegetable tops 21 days from the beginning of the mass bloom phase (284.9 thousand tubers per a hectare). The highest output of seed tubers by Javar variety was noted in option «70x25 cm and 7 days» (376.0 thousand tubers per a hectare). In variant «70x25 cm and 7 days» was noted the most healthier seed material. As compared with option «70x35 cm and 21 days» the plant damage by viruses was more than two times less. The struck of potato plants to a latent viral infection was lower by 25% and more.

Keywords:

Potatoes, varieties, cultivation, viroses, crop yield, true seed.