Energy-efficient materials of the new generation in construction

Vasileva Irina Leonidovna, Nemova Daria Viktorovna

Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Abstract:

The table with a tendency to use primary energy resources (oil, gas, coal, nuclear and hydropower) is presented in the work. This statistics makes wonder about the significance of the energy saving process around the world. The reason for the importance of energy conservation is the exhaustion of energy resources and the difficulty of their extraction. This task should be taken into account in the process of design, construction and operation of facilities. One of the ways is using energy efficient materials. Heat escapes through the enclosing structures, so it is important to provide a heat-insulating layer of high-quality materials. The article discusses such innovative materials as liquid insulation, aerogels and vacuum insulation panels. These materials have many advantages in comparison with classical heaters - a very low coefficient of thermal conductivity, environmental friendliness, lightness. Such materials do not weigh down the structures and save from heat loss. Aerogels are able to withstand cyclic temperature effects. The only disadvantage of innovative materials is their expensive price, but it is a temporary phenomenon, because the number of their manufacturers is gradually expanding. In addition, new insulation materials should recoup the investment in them during operation.

Keywords:

Energy saving, energy efficiency, heat loss, liquid heat insulation, aerogels, vacuum heat insulation panels.