Hydraulic jump in cohesive mudflow

Natishvili Otar Georgievich¹, Gubeladze David Otarovich²

¹ Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi, Georgia

² Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia

Abstract:

Mountain, piedmont, and flat plots of land, depending on climatic, topographic, and soil conditions, are usually characterized by a more or less intense manifestation of erosion processes that have a rather negative effect on the soil surface, with all the ensuing negative consequences. These processes are especially acute in mountainous and foothill conditions, where they often reach catastrophic sizes, that washing away several tens of tons of soil from a hectare in just one year. So, for example, according to the International Center for the Integration and Development of Mountain Regions, in some cases, soil loss ranges from 5...10 to 40...2000 tons/ha per year. The movements of a connected mudflow should be determined by dependence, based on the basic laws of the dynamics of mudflows and the principles of their interaction with the environment. Hy-draulic jump studies in cohesive mudflows showed that in connected mudflows to characterize the state of the stream, the kinematic viscosity coefficient plays a decisive role along with the relative depth of the stream. In the work, the given dependences make it possible to judge the turbulency, calmness, and critical states of a connected mudflow, both with constant and variable discharge along the way. A dependence is obtained for constructing curves of the free surfaces of the flow, which allows us to simultaneously judge the dynamic characteristics of wave flows.

Keywords:

Mudflow, mudstone conglomerate, erosive insert, hydraulic jump, critical bias, clastic materials, erosion, soils.